Livenes Hage 14. okt 2015

Anonym sa...

Informasjon, inkludert referanser, om matemner/substanser som blokkerer og/eller nøytraliserer mykotoksiner og/eller de sopparter som produserer disse. Vi tar bare med forskning som inkluderer substanser funnet i matemner/eller hele matemner vi forer grisen vår med. Informasjon og forskningsreferanser over hvilke substanser/matemner som reverserer mykotoksiners skadevirkninger i organer/kroppsvev, etc blir ikke tatt med, da dette ikke har relevans til saken det gjelder.

Avsnittene er skilt med strek, og selve referansene er understreket:

ALA is an antioxidant that helps our body to increase the production of its natural antioxidant, GSH. It is found in meats and green vegetables. It just so happens that ALA protects against the effects of the mycotoxins streptozotocin and doxorubicin (Adriamycin®), derived from Streptomyces molds. (Yilmaz O. Effects of alpha lipoic acid, ascorid acid-6-palmitate, and fish oil on the glutathione, malonaldehyde,and fatty acids levels in erythrocytes of streptozotocin induced diabetic male rats. J Cell Ciochem 2002;86(3):530-9. ALSO: Al-Majed AA. Alpha-lipoic acid ameliorates myocardial toxicity induced by doxorubicin. Pharmacol Res. 2002 Dec;46(6):499-503). This has profound implications when we learn that streptozotocin can cause both type 1 and type 2 diabetes in not only experimental animals but also cancer patients who receive this as a chemotherapy drug (Kaufmann. Infectious Diabetes. Mediatrition, 2003). In addition, the most devastating "side effect" of the mycotoxin adriamycin, also used as a chemotherapy drug, is irreversible heart failure. Do we really need to keep searching for a cause of diabetes and heart failure, and is it any wonder now why "anti-oxidants" are protective in cancer and heart disease?

Lipoic acid as a potential first agent for protection from mycotoxins and treatment of mycotoxicosis. Rogers SA. Arch Environ Health. 2003 Aug;58(8):528-32. Review

(Lipoesyre/alfalipoesyre finnes spesielt i lever og annen innmat, eggeplommer, kjøtt, fjærkre og fisk og sjømat, samt melk/surmelk, kefir, myse, i gjær (bl.a kefir), etc)

14. oktober 2015 kl. 18:47

Anonym sa...

More on Glutathione.

Mycotoxins from Fusarium solani-infected sweet potatoes depressed glutathione levels in the lung and liver of rats. Exposure to this toxin significantly activated the antioxidant defense system in these animals (Ranjendran, S., et al. Oxidative stress in rat liver and lung induced by furanoterpenoids isolated from Fusarium solani infected sweet potatoes. Indian J. Exp Biol. 1996 Jan;34(1):57-60.). In addition, the 2003 CAST book lists the mycotoxins gliotoxin (from Candida and Aspergillus molds), luteoskyrin, patulin and sporidesmin as agents that can cause significant oxidative damage in mammalian cells (Mycotoxins: Risks in Plant, Animal, and Human Systems. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology Task Force Report No. 139. Ames, IA. Jan 2003).

Experimental induction of chronic aflatoxicosis in chickens by purified aflatoxin B1 and its reversal by activated charcoal, phenobarbital, and reduced glutathione. Dalvi RR, McGowan C. Poult Sci. 1984 Mar;63(3):485-91

Aflatoxin and glutathione in domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus)--I. Glutathione elevation and attenuation by high dietary methionine. Beers KW, Nejad H, Bottje WG. Comp Biochem Physiol C. 1992 Feb;101(2):239-44

Efficacy of N-acetylcysteine to reduce the effects of aflatoxin B1 intoxication in broiler chickens. Valdivia AG, Martinez A, Damian FJ, Quezada T, Ortiz R, Martinez C, Llamas J, Rodriguez ML, Yamamoto L, Jaramillo F, Loarca-Pina MG, Reyes JL. Poult Sci. 2001 Jun;80(6):727-34

(N-acetylcystein dannes i kroppen når kostholdet inneholder tilstrekkelige mengder av den svovelholdige aminosyren cystein. Denne finnes i upasteurisert melk, kjøtt, innmat, fjærkre og fisk, og i eggeplommer i proteinkomplekset vitellin. Ovenstående forskningsreferanser indikerer at matemner rike på svovelholdige aminosyrer har en beskyttende effekt i forbindelse med mykotoksiner.


Thiamine protects against the cardiotoxic effects of the citreo-viridin mycotoxin from Penicillium citreo-viridin. In the early 1900's, a number of folks were succumbing to heart failure. The heart failure, in this certain group of people, was tied to eating rice from moldy batches. Later, the mold and its toxin were isolated. The number of heart failure cases were reduced dramatically simply by improving the screening process for rice- a practice that preceded the introduction of taking B vitamins by about 10 years (proving that the problem was one of moldy grains and mycotoxins, and not a thiamine deficiency). However, it was still found in the later years that thiamine exerted a protective effect against this mold's toxic by-products (Uraguchi, K. Mycotoxic Origin of Cardiac Beriberi. J. Stored Prod. Res. 1969. Vol 5, pp. 227-36. Pergamon Press.).

(Tiamin/vit. B1 finnes i innmat og eggeplommer, kjøtt, fisk og sjømat – særlig fiskerogn og melke, og melk og melkeprodukter, samt gjær)

14. oktober 2015 kl. 18:49

Anonym sa...

Antioxidants such as coenzyme Q10 and L-carnitine counteract the bacterial growth-inhibiting effects of the mycotoxins T-2 toxin, aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A (also a Fusarium mold toxin) (Atroshi, F, et al. Effects of tamoxifen, melatonin, coenzyme Q10, and L-carnitine supplementation on bacterial growth in the presence of mycotoxins. Pharmacol Res 1998 Oct;38(4):289-95). Incidentally, ochratoxin A can cause an auto-immune-like kidney disease in humans in humans who consume grains contaminated with this mold toxin. As well, the majority of Germans tested on a random sample have ochratoxin in their bloodstream (Costantini, A. et al. Fungalbionics. Atherosclerosis: Hope at Last. 1998/99)

Fumonisin B1-induced DNA damage in rat liver and spleen: effects of pretreatment with coenzyme Q10, L-carnitine, alpha-tocopherol and selenium - Atroshi F, Rizzo A, Biese I, Veijalainen P, Saloniemi H, Sankari S, Andersson K.

T-2 toxin-induced DNA damage in mouse livers: the effect of pretreatment with coenzyme Q10 and alpha-tocopherol. Atroshi F, Rizzo A, Biese I, Veijalainen P, Antila E, Westermarck T. Mol Aspects Med. 1997;18 Suppl:S255-8

Effects of L-Carnitine on aflatoxin toxicity in broilers. Smith, M. O., D. S. Sachan, and Y. S. Cha. 1993. Poultry Sci. 72(Suppl.1):129

Carnitine alters binding of aflatoxin to DNA and proteins in rat hepatocytes and cell-free systems. Yatim AM, Sachan DS. J Nutr. 2001 Jul;131(7):1903-8

Suppression of aflatoxin B1-induced lipid abnormalities and macromolecule-adduct formation by L-carnitine. Sachan DS, Yatim AM. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 1992 Jul-Aug;11(4):205-10

(Q10 og karnitin finnes i både kjøtt, innmat, fjærkre og fisk, egg, melk og melkeprodukter)

Other antioxidant nutrients that are antifungal and/or antimycotoxin: (Costantini, AV, et al. Fungalbionics. Etiology and Prevention of Atherosclerosis: Hope at Last. 1998/99):

Vitamin A
Riboflavin
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
Pantothenic acid
Choline
Biotin
Vitamin B12
Folic acid
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Nicotinic acid
Calcium
Magnesium
Zinc
Selenium
Chromium
Vanadium
Cadmium
Copper
Iodine

Acute hepatic response to aflatoxin B1 in rats fed a methyl-deficient, amino acid-defined diet. Mehta R, Campbell JS, Laver GW, Stapley R, Mueller R. Cancer Lett. 1993 Apr 30;69(2):93-106. Erratum in: Cancer Lett 1993 Aug 16;72(1-2):135

Immunomodulation by dietary vitamin C in healthy and aflatoxin B1-induced immunocompromised rohu (Labeo rohita). Sahoo PK, Mukherjee SC. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2003 Jan;26(1):65-76

Ascorbic acid protects guinea pigs from acute aflatoxin toxicity. Netke SP, Roomi MW, Tsao C, Niedzwiecki A. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 Apr;143(2):429-35

Influence of ascorbic acid supplementation on the haematological and clinical biochemistry parameters of male rabbits exposed to aflatoxin B1. Yousef MI, Salem MH, Kamel KI, Hassan GA, El-Nouty FD. J Environ Sci Health B. 2003 Mar;38(2):193-209

14. oktober 2015 kl. 18:50

Anonym sa...

Effects of vitamin C and E on liver enzymes and biochemical parameters of rabbits exposed to aflatoxin B1. Karakilcik AZ, Zerin M, Arslan O, Nazligul Y, Vural H. Vet Hum Toxicol. 2004 Aug;46(4):190-2

Effect of vitamin E dietary intake on in vitro activation of aflatoxin B1. Cassand P, Decoudu S, Leveque F, Daubeze M, Narbonne JF. Mutat Res. 1993 Dec;319(4):309-16

Effects of dietary selenium and vitamin E on covalent binding of aflatoxin to chick liver cell macromolecules. Chen J, Goetchius MP, Combs GF Jr, Campbell TC. J Nutr. 1982 Feb;112(2):350-5

Inhibition of aflatoxin B1-DNA binding and adduct formation by selenium in rats. Shi CY, Chua SC, Lee HP, Ong CN. Cancer Lett. 1994 Jul 29;82(2):203-8.

Effects of vitamins A, C, and E on aflatoxin B1-induced mutagenesis in Salmonella typhimurium TA-98 and TA-100. Raina V, Gurtoo HL. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1985;5(1):29-40

Influence of vitamins A, C, and E on aflatoxin B1 binding to DNA in woodchuck hepatocytes. Yu MW, Zhang YJ, Blaner WS, Santella RM. Cancer. 1994 Feb 1;73(3):596-604

Effect of vitamin A dietary intake on in vitro and in vivo activation of aflatoxin B1. Decoudu S, Cassand P, Daubeze M, Frayssinet C, Narbonne JF. Mutat Res. 1992 Oct;269(2):269-78

Association of reduction of AFB1-induced liver tumours by antioxidants with increased activity of microsomal enzymes. Nyandieka HS, Wakhis J, Kilonzo MM. Indian J Med Res. 1990 Oct;92:332-6

Modifying role of dietary factors on the mutagenicity of aflatoxin B1: in vitro effect of vitamins. Bhattacharya RK, Francis AR, Shetty TK. Mutat Res. 1987 Jun;188(2):121-8.

(Vitamin E finnes i kjøtt og innmat, fisk og sjømat, fiskeinnmat, fiskerogn og melke, eggeplomme, kokos og palmeolje, samt palmekjerneolje, upasteuriserte melkeprodukter og dyrefett)

(Vitamin A finnes i upasteuriserte melkeprodukter, kjøtt, lever og annen innmat, fisk og sjømat, rogn og melke, og eggeplommer og dyrefett)

(Vitamin C finnes i lever, nyrer og annen innmat, rå (carpaccio, tartar, ceviche, etc) og speket/gravet/raket/røykt kjøtt og sjømat)

(Selen finnes i kjøtt, innmat, fjærkre, fisk, fiskerogn og melke, og sjømat, samt dyrefett, smør og melk og melkeprodukter)

Medium-chain fatty acids affect citrinin production in the filamentous fungus Monascus ruber. Hajjaj H, Klaebe A, Goma G, Blanc PJ, Barbier E, Francois J. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Mar;66(3):1120-5

Peritubular transport of ochratoxin A in rabbit renal proximal tubules. Groves CE, Morales M, Wright SH. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Mar;284(3):943-8. (octanoic acid = Kaprylsyre)

Effect of fatty acids on aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus. Tiwari RP, Mittal V, Singh G, Bhalla TC, Saini SS, Vadehra DV. Folia Microbiol (Praha). 1986;31(2):120-3

(Kort og mellomkjedede fettsyrer som f.eks laurinsyre og kaprylsyre finnes i melkeprodukter, særlig smør, og kokosnøttolje)

14. oktober 2015 kl. 18:51

Anonym sa...

Lowering of ochratoxin A level in milk by yoghurt bacteria and bifidobacteria.
Folia Microbiol (Praha). 1996;41(1):26-8.
Decrease of aflatoxin B1 in yoghurt and acidified milks.
Mycopathologia. 1991 Feb;113(2):117-9
Detoxification of aflatoxin B1 by acidogenous yoghurt. Megalla SE, Hafez AH.
Mycopathologia. 1982 Feb 19;77(2):89-91
Antagonistic Action Of Some Lactobacilli vs Moulds. A preliminary note. Annali di Microbiologia ed Enzimologia, 48, 161-168 (1998)
Selective in vitro binding of dietary mutagens, individually or in combination, by lactic acid bacteria. Turbic A, Ahokas JT, Haskard CA., Food Addit Contam. 2002 Feb;19(2):144-52.
Aflatoxin B1 binding by dairy strains of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria. Peltonen K, el-Nezami H, Haskard C, Ahokas J, Salminen S. J Dairy Sci. 2001 Oct;84(10):2152-6.
Surface binding of aflatoxin B(1) by lactic acid bacteria. Haskard CA, El-Nezami HS, Kankaanpaa PE, Salminen S, Ahokas JT. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001 Jul;67(7):3086-91
Factors affecting the sequestration of aflatoxin by Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG. Haskard C, Binnion C, Ahokas J. Chem Biol Interact. 2000 Aug 15;128(1):39-49.
Ability of dairy strains of lactic acid bacteria to bind aflatoxin M1 in a food model. Pierides M, El-Nezami H, Peltonen K, Salminen S, Ahokas J. J Food Prot. 2000 May;63(5):645-50
Ability of dairy strains of lactic acid bacteria to bind a common food carcinogen, aflatoxin B1. El-Nezami H, Kankaanpaa P, Salminen S, Ahokas J. Food Chem Toxicol. 1998 Apr;36(4):321-6
Physicochemical alterations enhance the ability of dairy strains of lactic acid bacteria to remove aflatoxin from contaminated media. el-Nezami H, Kankaanpaa P, Salminen S, Ahokas J. J Food Prot. 1998 Apr;61(4):466-8
Inhibitory effect of dairy products on the mutagenicities of chemicals and dietary mutagens. Cassand P, Abdelali H, Bouley C, Denariaz G, Narbonne JF. J Dairy Res. 1994 Nov;61(4):545-52
Possible role of bovine serum albumin for the prevention of aflatoxin B1-absorption from the intestinal tract in young chicks. Hirano K, Adachi Y, Ishibashi S. J Vet Med Sci. 1994 Apr;56(2):281-6
Food fermentation: a safety and nutritional assessment. Joint FAO/WHO Workshop on Assessment of Fermentation as a Household Technology for Improving Food Safety. Motarjemi Y, Nout MJ. Bull World Health Organ. 1996;74(6):553-9
(samtlige av de ovennevnte bakteriene, bortsett fra lactobacillus GG og bifidobakterier, finnes i hjemmelaget kefir basert på kefirkorn, og de fleste finnes også i surmelk, yogurt og sur myse, smør, kjernemelk, samt i melkesyregjærede matemner. Yogurtbakteriene lactobacillus bulgaricus og streptococcus thermophilus finnes også I kefir, sammen med en lang rekke andre melkesyrebakterier og gjærsopper, så de forsøk som omhandler yogurt er derfor også gyldige for kefir)

A review on biological control and metabolism of aflatoxin. Mishra HN, Das C. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2003;43(3):245-64. Review
Letters in Applied Microbiology
Vol. 38 Issue 4 Page 257 April 2004
In vitro studies on the potential for biological control on Aspergillus section Flavi by Kluyveromyces spp.
M. La Penna, A. Nesci, M. Etcheverry

PP

14. oktober 2015 kl. 18:52